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 <section id="module-curses.ascii">
<h1><a class="reference internal" href="#module-curses.ascii" title="curses.ascii: Constants and set-membership functions for ASCII characters."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">curses.ascii</code></a> — Utilities for ASCII characters<a class="headerlink" href="#module-curses.ascii" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
Source code: <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.12/Lib/curses/ascii.py">Lib/curses/ascii.py</a>
<hr class="docutils" />
The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-curses.ascii" title="curses.ascii: Constants and set-membership functions for ASCII characters."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate">curses.ascii</code></a> module supplies name constants for ASCII characters and
functions to test membership in various ASCII character classes. The constants
supplied are names for control characters as follows:
<table class="docutils align-default">
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Name</th>
<th class="head">Meaning</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.NUL">
curses.ascii.NUL<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.NUL" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.SOH">
curses.ascii.SOH<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.SOH" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Start of heading, console interrupt</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.STX">
curses.ascii.STX<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.STX" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Start of text</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.ETX">
curses.ascii.ETX<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.ETX" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>End of text</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.EOT">
curses.ascii.EOT<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.EOT" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>End of transmission</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.ENQ">
curses.ascii.ENQ<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.ENQ" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Enquiry, goes with <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.ascii.ACK" title="curses.ascii.ACK"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">ACK</code></a> flow control</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.ACK">
curses.ascii.ACK<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.ACK" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Acknowledgement</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.BEL">
curses.ascii.BEL<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.BEL" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Bell</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.BS">
curses.ascii.BS<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.BS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Backspace</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.TAB">
curses.ascii.TAB<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.TAB" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Tab</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.HT">
curses.ascii.HT<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.HT" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Alias for <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.ascii.TAB" title="curses.ascii.TAB"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">TAB</code></a>: “Horizontal tab”</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.LF">
curses.ascii.LF<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.LF" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Line feed</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.NL">
curses.ascii.NL<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.NL" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Alias for <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.ascii.LF" title="curses.ascii.LF"><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate">LF</code></a>: “New line”</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.VT">
curses.ascii.VT<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.VT" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Vertical tab</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.FF">
curses.ascii.FF<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.FF" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Form feed</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.CR">
curses.ascii.CR<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.CR" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Carriage return</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.SO">
curses.ascii.SO<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.SO" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Shift-out, begin alternate character set</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.SI">
curses.ascii.SI<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.SI" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Shift-in, resume default character set</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.DLE">
curses.ascii.DLE<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.DLE" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Data-link escape</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.DC1">
curses.ascii.DC1<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.DC1" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>XON, for flow control</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.DC2">
curses.ascii.DC2<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.DC2" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Device control 2, block-mode flow control</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.DC3">
curses.ascii.DC3<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.DC3" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>XOFF, for flow control</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.DC4">
curses.ascii.DC4<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.DC4" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Device control 4</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.NAK">
curses.ascii.NAK<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.NAK" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Negative acknowledgement</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.SYN">
curses.ascii.SYN<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.SYN" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Synchronous idle</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.ETB">
curses.ascii.ETB<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.ETB" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>End transmission block</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.CAN">
curses.ascii.CAN<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.CAN" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Cancel</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.EM">
curses.ascii.EM<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.EM" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>End of medium</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.SUB">
curses.ascii.SUB<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.SUB" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Substitute</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.ESC">
curses.ascii.ESC<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.ESC" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Escape</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.FS">
curses.ascii.FS<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.FS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>File separator</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.GS">
curses.ascii.GS<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.GS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Group separator</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.RS">
curses.ascii.RS<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.RS" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Record separator, block-mode terminator</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.US">
curses.ascii.US<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.US" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Unit separator</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.SP">
curses.ascii.SP<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.SP" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Space</td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.DEL">
curses.ascii.DEL<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.DEL" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>

</td>
<td>Delete</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
Note that many of these have little practical significance in modern usage. The
mnemonics derive from teleprinter conventions that predate digital computers.
The module supplies the following functions, patterned on those in the standard
C library:
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.isalnum">
curses.ascii.isalnum(c)<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.isalnum" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Checks for an ASCII alphanumeric character; it is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal notranslate">isalpha(c) or
isdigit(c)</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.isalpha">
curses.ascii.isalpha(c)<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.isalpha" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Checks for an ASCII alphabetic character; it is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal notranslate">isupper(c) or
islower(c)</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.isascii">
curses.ascii.isascii(c)<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.isascii" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Checks for a character value that fits in the 7-bit ASCII set.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.isblank">
curses.ascii.isblank(c)<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.isblank" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Checks for an ASCII whitespace character; space or horizontal tab.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.iscntrl">
curses.ascii.iscntrl(c)<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.iscntrl" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Checks for an ASCII control character (in the range 0x00 to 0x1f or 0x7f).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.isdigit">
curses.ascii.isdigit(c)<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.isdigit" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Checks for an ASCII decimal digit, <code class="docutils literal notranslate">'0'</code> through <code class="docutils literal notranslate">'9'</code>. This is equivalent
to <code class="docutils literal notranslate">c in string.digits</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.isgraph">
curses.ascii.isgraph(c)<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.isgraph" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Checks for ASCII any printable character except space.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.islower">
curses.ascii.islower(c)<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.islower" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Checks for an ASCII lower-case character.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.isprint">
curses.ascii.isprint(c)<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.isprint" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Checks for any ASCII printable character including space.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.ispunct">
curses.ascii.ispunct(c)<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.ispunct" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Checks for any printable ASCII character which is not a space or an alphanumeric
character.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.isspace">
curses.ascii.isspace(c)<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.isspace" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Checks for ASCII white-space characters; space, line feed, carriage return, form
feed, horizontal tab, vertical tab.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.isupper">
curses.ascii.isupper(c)<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.isupper" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Checks for an ASCII uppercase letter.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.isxdigit">
curses.ascii.isxdigit(c)<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.isxdigit" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Checks for an ASCII hexadecimal digit. This is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal notranslate">c in
string.hexdigits</code>.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.isctrl">
curses.ascii.isctrl(c)<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.isctrl" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Checks for an ASCII control character (ordinal values 0 to 31).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.ismeta">
curses.ascii.ismeta(c)<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.ismeta" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Checks for a non-ASCII character (ordinal values 0x80 and above).
</dd></dl>

These functions accept either integers or single-character strings; when the argument is a
string, it is first converted using the built-in function <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#ord" title="ord"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate">ord()</code></a>.
Note that all these functions check ordinal bit values derived from the
character of the string you pass in; they do not actually know anything about
the host machine’s character encoding.
The following two functions take either a single-character string or integer
byte value; they return a value of the same type.
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.ascii">
curses.ascii.ascii(c)<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.ascii" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return the ASCII value corresponding to the low 7 bits of c.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.ctrl">
curses.ascii.ctrl(c)<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.ctrl" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return the control character corresponding to the given character (the character
bit value is bitwise-anded with 0x1f).
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.alt">
curses.ascii.alt(c)<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.alt" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return the 8-bit character corresponding to the given ASCII character (the
character bit value is bitwise-ored with 0x80).
</dd></dl>

The following function takes either a single-character string or integer value;
it returns a string.
<dl class="py function" id="index-0">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.unctrl">
curses.ascii.unctrl(c)<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.unctrl" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>Return a string representation of the ASCII character c. If c is printable,
this string is the character itself. If the character is a control character
(0x00–0x1f) the string consists of a caret (<code class="docutils literal notranslate">'^'</code>) followed by the
corresponding uppercase letter. If the character is an ASCII delete (0x7f) the
string is <code class="docutils literal notranslate">'^?'</code>. If the character has its meta bit (0x80) set, the meta bit
is stripped, the preceding rules applied, and <code class="docutils literal notranslate">'!'</code> prepended to the result.
</dd></dl>

<dl class="py data">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="curses.ascii.controlnames">
curses.ascii.controlnames<a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ascii.controlnames" title="Link to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd>A 33-element string array that contains the ASCII mnemonics for the thirty-two
ASCII control characters from 0 (NUL) to 0x1f (US), in order, plus the mnemonic
<code class="docutils literal notranslate">SP</code> for the space character.
</dd></dl>

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